日本在住の外国人の就職・転職を支援しているGTalentが、外国人がこれから日本で就職・転職をするときに、よくある疑問や不安をQ&A形式にまとめました。これから日本で就職・転職を考えている方々はぜひ参考にしてください！日本就職Q&A！よくある14の疑問と不安！Q1.日本にはどれくらいの外国人が働いていますか？A：2019年10月末時点で1,658,804人の外国人労働者が日本で働いています（参考「外国人雇用状況の届出状況まとめ」厚生労働省）。前年に比べると約20万人も増加しています。日本では人口減少、高齢化社会などの問題により、労働力人口が不足しており、そのため様々な業界では外国人の労働力を積極的に受け入れるようにしています。日本の雇用者数が約6,000万人（2020年3月時点、「労働調査」総務省統計局より）なので、およそ100人に2.7人は外国人労働者となります。Q2.日本で働くためには、何が必要になりますか？A：日本で働くには就労可能なビザの取得が必要になります。ビザの種類によって労働時間なども変わってきますので、事前に東京外国人雇用サービスセンターのWebsite等でビザの種類をご確認されることをお勧めします。日本で正社員として働いている外国人の場合、代表的な就労可能なビザは「技術・人文知識・国際業務」の在留資格となります。また、「永住者」、「日本人の配偶者等」、「永住者の配偶者等」、「定住者」などの在留資格者は、別途就労可能なビザを取得することなく、日本で働くことができます。Q3.日本で外国人が働く場合、どの分野の仕事が多いですか？A：2019年10月末時点では、製造業の割合が29.1%と最も多くなっております。その次にサービス業（16.1%）、小売・卸売業（12.8%）と続きます（参考「外国人雇用状況の届出状況まとめ」厚生労働省）。近年では、日本に訪れる外国人観光客が増加しているため、販売や観光などの仕事で働く外国人が増加しております。その他にも、日本はITエンジニアが不足していることもあり、ITエンジニアとして働く外国人の方々も近年大幅に増加傾向にあります。Q4.日本で働いている外国人は、どこの国の人が多いですか？A：2019年10月末時点の外国人労働者の出身国は、中国41.8万人（25.2%）、ベトナム40.1万人（24.2%）、フィリピン17.9万人（10.8%）の順番となっております。近年はベトナムをはじめとした東南アジア諸国の出身者が特に増加傾向にあります（参考「外国人雇用状況の届出状況まとめ」厚生労働省）。Q5.日本で働いている外国人は、どこの都市に多いですか？A：2019年10月末時点で外国人労働者が働いている日本国内の都市の割合は、東京が26.6％、愛知が8.0％、大阪が7.3％の順となっています（参考「外国人雇用状況の届出状況まとめ」厚生労働省）。やはり、首都である東京で働いている方が非常に多い状況です。Q6.日本で外国人が働く場合、給料は日本人と違いますか？A：日本人と同じ職種、同じポジションであれば、基本的に給料は日本人と変わりません。日本の法律においても国籍に応じて待遇差別はしてはならないことになっています。また、就労可能なビザの取得においても、一部を除き日本人と同等の給与レベルが求められるケースがほとんどになるため、必然的に同じ職種、同じポジションであれば、日本人と同じ給料レベルとなります。Q7.日本で働くには、どのくらいの日本語スキルが必要になりますか？A：職種によって求められる日本語のスキルは異なってきますが、一般的に求められるのはビジネスレベルの日本語能力です（JLPTでN2以上）。しかし、英語教師の仕事や一部のIT企業のエンジニアなどにおいては、日本語ができなくても採用されている外国人の方々はいらっしゃいます。Q8.日本企業で働く時には、「ガラスの天井」という言葉があるように、日本人でなければ主要ポジションに就くことは難しいですか？A：歴史が長く、古い考えの日本企業では、まだそのような考えは残っている傾向は強いです。しかし、グローバルに展開している企業や新興のIT企業においては、外国人が主要ポジションに就いているケースも多くなってきています。グローバルやダイバーシティを推進する日本企業全体にとって、「ガラスの天井」を外すことは課題となっています。また、外国人労働者もここ数年で増えてきているため、これから多くの企業で外国人が主要ポジションとして活躍していくと予想されます。Q9.日本企業の採用の流れはどのような流れになりますか？A：日本企業の採用の流れは他の国とも大きく変わらず、一般的に、書類選考→面接（２〜３回）→オファーとなります。また、場合によっては適正検査を行うも企業もあります。Q10.海外にいながら、日本の仕事を探すことはできますか？A：海外にいながら日本企業と面接を実施することは可能です。特に、ここ最近では選考をオンラインで完了させる日本企業も増加傾向にあります。しかし、多くの日本の企業では、スキルと経験だけではなく、「人柄」も重視しているため、最初の面接はビデオ通話で行うケースはありますが、最終的には日本に行って面接をするケースが多いです。そのため、日本で仕事を探す場合、日本に来て仕事を探す方が、仕事は見つかりやすいでしょう。Q11.日本企業に応募する場合、日本語のレジュメは絶対必要ですか？A：応募した企業によって異なります。日本語能力が求められていない求人においては、応募時には日本語のレジュメは不要になるケースは多いです。しかし、日本語能力を求める求人においては、応募時に日本語のレジュメが必要となるケースがほとんどです。Q12.日本企業の求人で「正社員」と「契約社員」というのをよく見ますが、違いは何ですか？A：主な違いは雇用期間になります。正社員は、就業期間の定めのない無期雇用の働き方となり、契約社員は、就業期間が決められている有期雇用の働き方です。正社員として採用されると、会社の状況や働き方に大きな問題がない限りは、解雇をされる心配はありません。Q13.来日してから仕事を探す場合、どのような方法がありますか？A：外国人の方が日本で仕事を探す場合、求人広告サイトが一番多く利用されます。また、ITエンジニアやマネジメントスキルを持つ専門的な人材に関しては、人材紹介会社を使うケースも多いです。これから日本で就職・転職をされる方は、以下の記事をご参考にご覧ください。ITエンジニア向けにはなりますが、他の職種でも参考になると思います。外国人ITエンジニア向け！日本の就職・転職のコツQ14.ワーキングホリデーで来日し、正社員として働く場合、就労ビザの手続きはどうなりますか？A：ワーキングホリデーから就労可能なビザに切り替える場合、在留資格の新規申請が必要になります。そのため、手続きのために一時的に母国へ帰国をする可能性が高いです（2020年5月時点）。まとめはじめて日本で就職・転職を考えている方々、上記に記載した「Q&A」を是非ご活用をしてみて下さい。もし、ITエンジニアで日本で就職・転職をお考えの方は、外国人ITエンジニア専門の人材紹介会社G Talent（ジータレント）にご登録ください。プロのコンサルタントが無料で転職活動をサポートいたします。

In the previous article, Common Japanese Job Interview Questions and Best Answers!」, we explained to foreigners abou how to prepare for Japanese job interviews.This time, I would like to explain more details, “Reason for changing/leaving a job” that is absolutely asked during jobs interviews at Japanese companies and how to answer it properly.From the viewpoint of a foreigner who’s changing jobs in Japan, it might seems not very important, but for Japanese companies who want to hire personnel to work with for a long term, the reason for changing jobs or leaving job would be one of the most important questions in job interviews.As understanding what Japanese companies judge based on reasons for changing jobs, make sure that you can answer successfully the questions about job changes/leaving that you will be asked during Japanese companies jobs interviews.What Japanese companies are checking through the reasons for changing/leaving jobsFirst of all, let’s understand why Japanese companies are so concerned about the reasons for changing/leaving jobs and what Japanese companies are seeing through reasons for changing jobs (leaving jobs). There are 3 main points that Japanese companies see through reasons for changing/leaving jobs.Does the applicant work with us for a long term? (Does he/she quit immediately after joining the company?)Can the applicant be highly motivated while working together?Does the applicant take serious your career and growth?We’ll explain these points in detail.1.Does the applicant work with us for a long term?For the first question, “Does the applicant work with us for a long term? (Does he/she quit immediately after joining the company?)”, most of Japanese companies want the people who they hire to work with them for a long period.By listening to the reasons why applicants change their jobs, “If the applicants face something don’t like, will they leave our company?“Will they quite our company for the same reason with their previous company?” are checked.Therefore, in the job interview, it is necessary to answer to satisfy the company that you are willing to work with them for a long period.2.Can the applicant be highly motivated while working together?For the second question, “Can the applicant be highly motivated while working together?”, Japanese companies are checking if the reason of changing/leaving jobs at the current company is firmly resolved and you can work without dissatisfaction or anxiety.Motivation is a very important factor for work performance. If you feel dissatisfied or anxious about the company you work for, you may find it difficult to increase your motivation.When you’re thinking the reasons for changing/leaving jobs, it’s important to realize if changing jobs to the Japanese company you’re applying would solve the reasons and factors that made you decided to leave your current or past job.3.Does the applicant take serious your career and growth?Regarding the third question, “Does the applicant take serious your career and growth?”, Japanese companies are checking whether you quit immediately due to a low awareness of your career and growth regardless of the company you’ve worked for.Poor awareness of careers and growth can be seen as less aggressive and willing to work. I recommend you to think seriously about your future goals and how you want to improve your carrier when you think of the reason of changing/leaving jobs.Key points to answer for reasons of “changing/leaving jobs “You could understand what Japanese companies are checking through reasons of changing/leaving jobs. Next we’ll explain the points you must consider to make a solid reason of changing/leaving jobs based on what Japanese companies are checking through.There are 4 main key points to think about changing/leaving jobs reasons.Always tell the truth!Think positively, job change is an act to improve the current situation!Thinking based on specific cases!Don’t say bad things about your current company (or your previous company)!We’ll explain these 4 key points in details.1.Always tell the truth!The purpose of looking for a new job is “Improve the current situation”. It’s not just about finding a job.If you can’t solve the reason why you want to leave the current company, there would be no reason to change it.Even if you have already quit a job, it wouldn’t mean that you should choose whatever you can work. If you don’t get a job that resolves the reason you left your ex-company, you might quit a job with the same reason.When you tell the truth to the company you apply, you might think that the reason would be negative. However, you can express positively the reason of changing job regardless of whatever reason, if you regard the purpose of changing job as what make you improve better.2.Think positively, job change is an act to improve the current situation!As we mentioned earlier, the purpose of looking for a new job is to improve your current situation. A lot of people only focus into the “occurrences” and “triggers” when they consider the reason of changing/leaving jobs.Instead, when you should think about how the occurrences and triggers for changing jobs can be “improved”.For example, if you’re thinking in change or leave your job because you don’t have a good relation with your boss and you’re not evaluated enough, the reason may be negative in job interviews.In such cases, you can think as followings first.Factor(Why it’s happening?)Improvement measures(How to improve it.)Regarding “Factor”, it would be followings in case of the example(bad relationship with your boss, not evaluated enough). The result of the job your boss wants is different from the result of the job you want(The boss evaluates the process, but you evaluate the results,etc)As I have to do everything exactly as the boss directed, actually I want to work with a certain own discretion.And so on.And then, let’s try to think improvement measures for the factors above in terms of changing job.Hope to grow myself through many chance in working environment on the result basis.Want to get many experiences and make my skills better through a working environment where I can have a certain own discretion. It would make me grow further.These improvement measures above become reasons changing/quitting job.3.Thinking based on specific cases!Using concrete examples is more persuasive when explaining something to people, not just when telling the reason for changing jobs.For example, if you’re looking for a job because of less promotion and low salary due to seniority system in your current job, if you tell as it is in a job interview, the interviewer may think that the causation is due to your low performance.Instead, by telling that even seniors who are active and highly evaluated have few opportunities to get promotion or raise their salaries, it would be more persuasive for the interviewer to understand your situation.When you think your reasons for changing/leaving jobs, Using concrete examples would be more persuasive in job interviews.4.Don’t say bad things about your current company (or your previous company)!Even if you had a bad treatment in your current company or previous company, should avoid saying badly about the company in job interviews. The complaints would make you impress negatively in the interviews.And also, the company which you have the job interview with might be concerned about that you criticize the company as well when leaving.The person who can connect anything to growth will take higher evaluation in terms of honesty and willingness to grow.A case of that you changed or leaved jobs within a short period of timeIn case you changed or leaved a job in a short period of time, there is a possibility that you will be seen as a person who will immediately quit a job anytime when you have something uncomfortable. Let’s keep the following two points in mind when giving reasons for changing jobs in order for you not to be regarded as such a person.Make decisions after considering the risk of leaving in a short period of time.Rather, it’s good for you and the company that hired you to leave in a shorter period.When you leaved a job in a short period of time, most of them are large image gaps before joining the company and after joining the company. When that happens, it’s important to think about whether the image gap can really be resolved, rather than changing jobs or leaving the company immediately.For example, you can talk with the joined company about resolving the image gap, and can think about whether there is a gap that can be resolved by continuing to work.As a result, if the image gap cannot be resolved, it is better for you and your company to change jobs in a short period of time.And if you want to change or leave a job in a short period of time, it is important to keep the above points in mind and tell the reason for changing jobs in job interviews that you will join.ConclusionEven if we look around the world, Japanese company that values reasons for changing jobs or leaving a job in job interviews would be rare. As we explained, it’s due to the Japanese company’s approach to human resources.Even if there are applicants who have great skills and careers, there are some people who will lose the interview because of the reason for changing or leaving their jobs. Therefore, be sure to consider the reasons for changing or leaving a job before going to a job interview.If you would like to learn not only about the reasons for changing jobs but also about how to generally treat Japanese job interview, please see the following articles.Common Japanese Job Interview Questions and Best Answers!If you are an IT engineer looking to change your job and want to take a job interview after taking appropriate advices about job interviews, please register with G Talent, a Japanese recruitment agency specialized in IT engineers. A professional consultant will support you in changing jobs for free.

グローバルIT人材の転職エージェントGTalentが日本のIT業界の市場規模などを各種データからまとめました。世界と比較した日本のIT業界の市場規模やIT技術者数、今後3年間で成長するIT分野など、2019年6月時点でわかっている情報やデータを元にまとめられたものなので、今後日本のIT業界に就職・転職を希望する方は是非ご参考にされてみてください。※こちらの記事を英語でご覧になりたい方は、こちら（English Here!）になります。日本のIT業界の市場規模まずは日本のIT業界の市場規模と今後3年間でIT投資が拡大する分野を見ていきたいと思います。国内民間企業のIT市場規模（ハード・ソフト・サービス含む）は、2018年度が前年度比2.8％増の12兆4,930億円と推計した。今後は、2019年度が前年度比3.4％増の12兆9,180億円、2020年度は同1.6％増の13兆1,240億円、2021年度は同1.5％増の13兆3,200億円と予測する。2018年度はワークスタイル変革に関する取組みが引き続き堅調に推移した他、民間企業の収益力の高まりなどから、大規模システムの更改も目立った。また、2020年1月に予定されているWindows7のサポート終了に向けたWindows10への買い替え需要も旺盛である。これらの流れは2019年度も続くと予測する。参照：国内企業のIT投資に関する調査（2019年）/矢野経済研究所ご覧の通り、日本のIT市場規模は年々増加をしており、2019年の市場規模は12兆9,180億円（約100 billion dollors)となり、日本の産業の中でも非常に大きな規模を誇ります。日本で今後3年間でIT投資が増加する分野今後3年間でIT投資が増加するソフトウェアはERPが8年ぶりに首位に。法人を対象としたアンケート調査においては、毎年、今後3年間でIT投資が増加するソフトウェアについて尋ね、回答を得ている。2019年調査（回答社数482社、最大3つまで複数選択可能）では「ERP（基幹業務統合管理）」が41.9％で8年ぶりにトップに立ち、これまでトップであった「セキュリティ関連ソフトウェア」と同率1位となった。ERPがトップになった背景には、経営環境の変化にあわせて基幹システムを更新する動きが進んでいることや、ERPパッケージのクラウド化が進んでいること、SAPのERP保守サポート期限が2025年に迫っていることなどがあると考える。参照：国内企業のIT投資に関する調査（2019年）/矢野経済研究所世界のIT業界の市場規模との比較参照：Gartner Says Global IT Spending to Reach $3.8 Trillion in 2019２０１９年の世界IT支出予測は前年比3.2%で金額規模が約3.8兆ドル（日本円約400兆円）となっています。全ての分野において前年から成長をしており、特に企業向けのソフトウェアなどの伸びが顕著になっています。働き方の見直し含め企業の業務効率向上ができる分野への投資ニーズの高さが見て取れます。しかし、この統計は2019年1月に発表されたものであるため、2019年1月からのコロナウィルス感染拡大により、2020年以降の市場規模に関しては大きく見直しが行われると考えられます。ただし、全てにおいて市場規模が下方修正されるのではなく、リモートワークの推進により、分野によってはむしろ成長率が上がることも予想されます。これらの市場規模データを見ると、日本のIT業界市場規模は世界の約3.3%を占めるという結果となっています。日本のGDPシェアが世界の約5.7%（2018年）ということを考えると、日本の産業全体に占めるIT業界の割合はまだまだ低く、今後も成長性が高いと言えるかもしれません。参照：日本のGDPシェア、最低の5.7% 18年推計/日本経済新聞世界と比較した日本のIT技術者数2020年3月にヒューマンリソシアが実施した調査結果では、1位アメリカ（477万人）、2位は中国（227万人）、3位はインド（212万人）と4位は日本（109万人）となっております。日本はトップ5には入っておりますが、3位のインドと比較してみると、技術者の数は日本の倍になっております。技術者の数だけと見ると、IT先進国と言われるアメリカや中国、インドと比べると大きな差がありそうに見えますが、各国の人口を考えると、アメリカ、中国、インドは日本の数倍の人口となるため、IT技術者の割合にはそこまで大きな差はないかもしれません。参照：ヒューマンリソシア / 世界各国のIT技術者数 ～米国・中南米編～ヒューマンリソシア / 世界各国のIT技術者数 ～アジア・オセアニア編～まとめ日本のIT産業は世界の約3.3%を占めているということを考えると、非常に大きな市場規模と言えるでしょう。しかし、GDP比などで考えると、さらに成長が見込める業界と言えます。成熟している日本市場の中で、IT業界は数少ない成長分野となるため、今後日本で就職・転職をお考えの方は選択肢の一つとしてIT業界を考えてみてはいかがでしょうか。もし日本でIT業界に就職・転職を希望している場合、グローバルIT人材の転職エージェントGTalent（ジータレント）にご登録ください。プロのコンサルタントが無料で転職・就職活動をサポートいたします。

The IT industry in Japan is providing several opportunities for foreign IT engineers. Among all the engineers working in the country, 3 percent of those are foreigners. With the country facing a deficit of engineers by 2030, Japanese IT companies are looking for more It professionals offshore.Working as an engineer in the Land of the Rising Sun can be exciting but work-life balance hinders most foreign workers from sending their applications. To shake off this reputation, many companies are easing up on the schedules of IT engineers in an effort to encourage work-life balance.Working HoursAn IT engineer typically starts working at 9:00 or 10:00 and ends the day after 8 hours of work. However, some stay at the office for an hour or two to avoid the rush hour.Flexible Working HoursSome companies still prefer engineers to work on the set working hours but more IT companies and engineering departments are adopting a flexible schedule nowadays. This is part of the efforts to reduce overtime among employees. In addition, the flexible working hours also allow engineers to avoid rush hour stress and crowds, and give them time to attend to other matters and conduct personal transactions like a doctor’s appointment.An Engineer’s Workday9:00~12:30: Start of Work, Work Assembly or updates12:30 ~ 13:00: Lunch13:00 ~ 16:00: Continue working on projects and tasks16:00 ~ 19:00: Going home, after-work partiesThis is the typical schedule of an IT engineer working in an office. For those working from home have flexible schedules, they may have different working hours and some may be shorter compared to the above sample.Day ScheduleCompanies in Japan have morning assemblies called chourei which takes about 15 minutes. The whole team comes together and shares information about work progress and their schedule or goals for the day. Sharing information provides everyone in a team an overview of their tasks to avoid delays and suggest improvements in projects.After the morning assembly, engineers also have to check on emails and answer queries from clients in the morning. This helps them know if new projects are given or if clients request for new details and functions in an ongoing project.Project HandlingIT companies and departments received a handful of projects which are then assigned to different teams. Each member has his/her own responsibilities and those will affect how an IT engineer’s schedule would go.Planning StageOn an event when a new project is given, a team starts to plan, schedule, and research as part of their morning schedule. Members are assigned to handle project management, estimate cost, and plan the working hours needed for each task.Members research about technologies related to their tasks and inform the team. In their regular meetings, the team shares their ideas on how to proceed with their project.Development StageIn the late morning, engineers start working on the actual project after schedules and estimates have been approved. When a team’s already working on a project, this part of the process is usually done first thing after the morning assembly.The team begins designing algorithms and functions in this stage. This also takes days to complete depending on how big the project is. So a workweek of an engineer may comprise project development.Though research has been done in the planning stage, the team also conducts thorough research during the development of the project. This involves solving backlogs and issues in a program as some previously searched technologies and developments might not be compatible with the current project.Project CompletionWhen everyone is done with their respective tasks in a project, team members conduct a series of tests to check for bugs and major issues. This review process can last for half a day or two depending on the size of the project. This stage also requires members to list down suggestions to improve the output.Afternoon ScheduleReviewing does not only happen when the project has been completed. Every step of the process of each member’s tasks is reviewed by themselves or by another engineer assigned.In this part of the day, engineers prepare a list of what they have accomplished within the day to report during the next day’s morning assembly. This also gives them time to organize and keep track of or set their daily, weekly, and even monthly goals.After Working HoursAs mentioned above, people tend to leave work late to avoid the rush hour so some leave the office around 19:00. Some engineers continue working to have a headstart the next day or do overtime work to finish a project within the day. Nonetheless, overtime does not happen as frequently nowadays.Just like other businesses in Japan, IT companies and departments also go for drinks to celebrate a finished project, holidays, promotions, or just hang out with colleagues. In bigger companies, engineers can join club activities such as sports or take this time to study the Japanese language. Days Off, Paid Leaves, and HolidaysA few of the questions asked by IT engineers who don’t really know much about the country are the number of days off, holidays, vacations, and breaks. Employers must give 45 minutes to an hour worth of break in a workday. Companies should also let employees have one or two days off in a week. For vacation leaves, companies should grant a minimum of 10 days paid vacation leaves to new employees after working for six months. Some companies even give additional vacation leaves.Holidays also affect workdays. Japan has 16 national holidays and most of them fall on a workday. That means more time to explore the country and find new hobbies for IT engineers working in Japan.ConclusionAs more foreign IT engineers pursue their careers in the country, the work environment continues to shape to provide more flexibility and promote great work-life balance. Though the rush hours remain, the reform efforts made by companies will relieve the stress coming from commuting and provide more opportunities for IT engineers to learn new skills and go for vacations in the country. Sources: https://blog.gaijinpot.com/working-past-the-timehttps://kimi.wiki/work/workday-japan-engineerhttps://medium.com/devjobs-jp/software-developer-in-japan-myths-work-life-balance-9a7a41315678https://www.jetro.go.jp/en/invest/setting_up/section4/page5.html

GTalent, a recruiting agency for global IT talents, summarized the market size of the Japanese IT industry based on information from various databases. It is a report based on information and data known in 2019 as of June 2020, such as the market size of the Japanese IT industry compared with the world, the number of IT engineers in Japan and the overseas, the IT field that will grow in the next three years, etc. If you are considering looking for a job in the IT industry in Japan, feel free to use it as a reference.IT Industry Market Size in JapanFirst, we would like to explain about the market size of the Japanese IT industry and the fields in which IT investment will expand in the next three years.It is estimated that the market size of the IT industry (including hardware, software, and services) of domestic private companies will increase by 2.8% year on year in 2018 to 12.493.0 billion yen. In 2019, it is calculated that the market size will be 12.918 trillion yen by 3.4% increase year on year. In 2020, it’s estimated that it will be 13.124 trillion yen by 1.6% increase year on year, and it will be 13.320 trillion yen by 1.5% increase year on year in 2021.Because the initiative on the reform of the work style remained firm in 2018, also the large-scale renewal of the system was also notable due to the increasing profitability of privates companies. There is also strong demand for replacement of Windows 10 by the end of support for Windows 7 scheduled in January 2020. These trends are expected to continue in 2019 as well.Reference: IT Investment by Domestic Companies 2019/Yano Research Institute LtdTranslated from Japanese to English by GTalent.As we can see, the market size of Japan IT industry is increasing year by year, and the market size in 2019 will be about 13 trillion yen which is about 122 billion US dollars by exchange rate as of June 2020. It’s one of the largest industry in Japanese economy.Areas where IT Investment will increase in the next 3 years in JapanIn the next 3 years, ERP will become the most invested software in the IT industry for the first time in 8 years.According to the questionnaire survey for corporates survey conducted every year, it asked what will be a software that will increase in IT investment over the next three years. According to the results of the survey released in 2019 (482 respondents, Multiple selections up to 3), “ERP” obtained 41.9%, being the highest for the first time in 8 years, equaling “Security-related software” which held the first for a long time.The background information is update of core system with the same as the change of business environment, the progress of cloud ERP packages, SAP’s ERP maintenance support deadline of 2025 and so on.Reference: IT Investment by Domestic Companies 2019/Yano Research Institute LtdTranslated from Japanese to English by GTalent.Global IT Industry Market Size and Comparison with Japanese IT marketReference: Gartner Says Global IT Spending to Reach $3.8 Trillion in 2019World IT spending forecast increased 3.2% year on year of in 2019, amounting to about 3.8 trillion dollars (about 400 trillion Japanese yen). All fields have grown from the previous years, especially corporate software increased a lot in that. It can be seen that there is a high need for investment in fields that can improve the business efficiency of companies, including changes of work styles.However, since this statistic was released in January 2019, it is thought that the market size estimation from 2020 will be significantly revised due to the spread of coronavirus infection from January 2019. However, the market size is not revised downward in all areas, and it is expected that the promotion of work style revolution will increase the growth rate in some areas.Looking at these market size data, the result is that Japan’s IT industry market size is about 3.3% of the world market. Given that Japan’s GDP share is about 5.7% of the world (2018), the percentage of the Japanese IT industry market share in the world is still lower than GDP’s. It may mean that Japanese IT industry has high growth potential in the future.Reference: Japan’s GDP was estimated the lowest “5.7%” in 2018/The Nihon Keizai ShinbunThe Number of Japanese IT Engineers Compared With the WorldAccording to the results of a survey conducted by Human Resocia in March 2020 about the number of IT engineers around the globe, the first place was the United States (4.77 million), the second was China (2.72 million), the third was India (2.12 million) and the fourth was Japan (1.09 million). Japan is among the top five of the list, but compared with India which is in third, the number of engineers doubled Japanese IT engineers.When comparing the number of engineers, there seems to be a big difference between Japan and other IT advanced countries such as the United States, China, and India. However considering the population of each country, the ratio of the number of IT engineer per population might not be so different.Reference:Human Resocia /Number of IT engineers around the world (North and South America)Human Resocia /Number of IT engineers around the world (Asia and Oceania)ConclusionConsidering that Japan’s IT industry is about 3.3% of the world, it can be said that it’s a very large market size. However, considering the GDP ratio, it can be said that the industry is expected to grow further. The IT industry is one of the few growth fields in the mature Japanese market, so if you are looking for a job in Japan in the future, why not consider the IT industry as one of your options?If you are looking for a job in the IT industry in Japan, please register with G Talent, a professional recruitment agency for global IT talents. Our professional consultants will help you with job changes and job hunting for free.

Japan’s manufacturing technology is well known in the world, but how much do you know about the Japanese IT industry? In this article, for foreigners who are interested in the Japanese IT industry, we would like to explain the structure of the Japanese IT industry with well-known companies in each field making it easy-to-understand.Basic Information about Japanese IT IndustryBefore classifying the IT industry, we would like to explain some basic information about the Japanese IT market.Market Size of Japanese IT Industry(2019): 12,493 billion yenReference: Forecasting calculation conducted by Yano Research Institute LtdGrowth rate of Japanese IT Industry: 2018 increased 2.8%、2019 increased 3.4%、2020 increased 1.6%Reference: Forecasting calculation conducted by Yano Research Institute LtdAreas where IT Investment will increase in the next 3 years in Japan: No.1 ERP, No.2 Security-related Software, No.3 SFA (SalesForce Automation) Reference: Questionnaire survey for corporates conducted by Yano Research Institute LtdNumber of IT engineers in the World and Japan: Japan ranks 4th in the world with an approx of 1.09 million engineers※1st USA with 4.77 million, 2nd China with 2.72 million, 3rd India with 2.12 million engineers.Reference:Human Resocia/Number of IT engineers around the world (North & South America)Human Resocia/Number of IT engineers around the world (Asia & Oceania)Details are summarized in this article, so please have a look when you have some time.Japanese IT Industry Market Size Compared to the WorldJapanese IT Industry StructureFrom now on, we would like to explain the structure of the Japanese IT industry.The Japanese IT industry is generally divided into the 4 categories below.Internet/Web IndustryInformation Processing/Information and Communication Service IndustrySoftware IndustryHardware IndustryNow, we would like to explain about these four industries with their representative companies.Internet / Web IndustryThe Internet / WEB industry includes B2B companies that provide services for companies such as network construction, website production, Internet advertising, and B2C companies that provide services for individuals such as SNS, portal sites, and EC.We are going to explain below the 5 types of services in this industry.Web PortalThe web portal serves as an entrance to the Internet and is a multi-purpose website that has varied services and useful pages for users such as obtaining online information, news, auctions, and shopping.Well-known Companies GoogleYahoo！JAPAN, etcSNSSNS (Social Networking Service) is a service that allows you to build relationships and share information over the Internet. It is one of the typical services that has expanded with the spread of smartphones.Well-known Companies FacebookLINELinkedIn, etcE-CommerceE-Commerce, also known as electronic commerce or internet commerce, is a service which allows you to shop online. Some representative e-commerce services easily to recognize are the web sites we use while online shopping, but e-commerce is more than “online shopping”. In addition to business-to-consumer transactions, it also includes business-to-business transactions, customer-to-customer transactions such as auctions and flea market sites.Well-known Companies AmazonRakutenMercari, etcWeb AdsAll services that provide agencies and systems that handle advertising on the Internet belongs to the WEB advertising industry. There are many types of ads, such as “listing ads”, “ad network ads”, “SNS ads”, “article ads”, “banner ads”, etc.Well-known Companies Cyber AgentOPTAdways, etcCuration siteA curation site is a site that collects the necessary information and puts it together in an easy-to-read manner.Well-known Companies GunosySmart News, etc Information Processing / Information and Communication Service IndustryInformation Processing IndustryA company of information processing services is responsible for the development and operation of information systems in a company and services used on the cloud, which is generally called “System Integrator (SIer)”.SIer receives an order from a customer, hears the customer’s needs, considers how to realize those needs as an information system, and outsources the system development and operation to　cooperative enterprises. Also, there are cases when the SIer should advice client companies on how to use IT to do a better performance, working as a consultant too.Well-known Companies FujitsuNTTDataSCSK, etcInformation and Communication Service IndustryThis industry is divided into two categories, “fixed communication” and, “mobile communication services”.Fixed communication is a communication service in fixed environments such as fixed-line phones, IP phones, and public phones.Mobile communication means a communication service represented by mobile phones.Well-known Companies NTTKDDISoft Bank, etcSoftware IndustryThis industry is to develop ​​a software such as application software and operating system. And also engineers can also play an active role with wide range in the industry from the software package to the system construction that manages the infrastructure.Well-known Companies Oracle JapanMicrosoftCybozu, etcHardware IndustryHardware means “machine, device, equipment”. This refers to physical objects such as electronic circuits and peripheral　equipment that make up a computer, such as servers, storage, and mobile phones.Well-known Companies AppleNECSony, etcConclusionIn this article, we explained the main structure of the IT industry in Japan, but in the next article, we would like to explain the occupations in the IT industry in Japan.

When a foreigner starts working in Japan, it is important the company they will work for. Then it comes another important point, that is the place where they will live. It is common to rent an apartment in places where you can easily go to work, but there are other options as well, and some companies can reduce the burden of housing costs with their peculiar welfare system.This time, we will explain what you should know about welfare-related housing allowance at Japanese companies if you live in Japan.Japan’s Housing Subsidy System that Reduces the Burden of Housing CostsHousing costs are a major part of living expenses. Foreigners living in Japan for the first time do not know the rent market, so various concerns will arise. For reference, we will introduce the rent market price in Tokyo.Rental market price in Tokyo, Kanagawa, Saitama, ChibaAccording to the “2018 Survey of Housing and Land Statistics, Basic Tabulation on Houses and Households” (Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, September 30, 1980), “Rents / rents per month” for three prefectures in Tokyo are It is like.・ Tokyo: 81,001 yen・ Kanagawa Prefecture: 68,100 yen・ Saitama Prefecture: 59,358 yen・ Chiba: 57,421 yenThe Tokyo metropolitan area is out of the 80,000-yen range, the next highest is Kanagawa prefecture with about 68,000 yen, and the Saitama and Chiba prefectures are in a 50,000 yen range. Many companies are concentrated in Tokyo, so those who want to live close to work should be prepared for those rent expenses. Of course, there are many Japanese who live in Kanagawa, Saitama and Chiba and go to work in Tokyo. For foreigners who want to reduce their rent, or who want to prioritize the size and layout of their homes, one option is to find a home in one of the three neighboring prefectures.Work with peace of mind at a company with a housing allowance!Many Japanese companies have a housing subsidy program as part of their welfare. For example, “Company A with a monthly income of 300,000 yen and no housing subsidy” or “Company B with monthly income of 270,000 yen and half of rent as housing subsidy”, which is the most attractive company? From a medium- to long-term perspective, you may be able to judge that “it is better to choose Company B”. So, when choosing a company in Japan, be sure to judge not only the salary but also the availability and content of the housing allowance system.What Kind of Housing Allowance Systems Exist?In general, Japanese companies provide a certain amount of monthly payment to employees who meet the conditions stipulated by the company, but there are several other patterns. Let’s explain about the general housing assistance system.01: Rent subsidy (Housing allowance)The most common housing assistance system is rent subsidy (housing allowance). Rent subsidy is a welfare program in which the company pays a portion of the employee’s housing expenses as an allowance. It is provided for the purpose of subsidizing rent for employees living in rental housing and subsidizing mortgages for employees living in their own homes. Even if there is a rent subsidy system, the terms and conditions of payment vary depending on the company.02: Rented company houseBorrowed company housing is a system in which employees live in houses rented by the company. It is common for a company to rent a property and collect a portion of the rent from the resident employee. The benefit is that the company pays a fixed percentage of the rent, so it can be cheaper to live in there than renting it yourself. In the past, it was common for companies to lease entire buildings and lend each house to employees, but recently employees often search for properties within the conditions and rent them under the company name.In addition, in the case of the rent subsidy described above, since it is paid on top of the monthly salary, the tax burden and insurance premium burden on employees will increase accordingly. On the other hand, rented company housing means that employees pay a fixed rent to the company, so there is no increase in tax burden or insurance burden.03: Dormitory for employeesAn employee dormitory is a building owned by the company for the residence of employees. Some dormitories are furnished and provide a telephone line, and some are equipped with meals (meals are offered cheaply). When you move in, you pay a fixed amount of rent, but you can use it for a much lower price than renting a nearby property yourself.However, employee dormitories have been declining in recent years due to the increasing number of employees who do not use dormitories even if they have dormitories, and the fact that many buildings were built during the period of high economic growth and are aging. As a result, finding a company with a dormitory could be difficult.Examples of Japanese Companies Housing SubsidiesThe housing subsidy system is a non-statutory welfare that is provided by the company, so some companies do not have this system. According to the “Comprehensive Survey on Working Conditions in 2015” (Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare), 45.8% of all companies provide some housing allowance. By industry, IT and other information and communications businesses accounted for 56.0%, indicating that more than half of companies provided housing allowances.Of course, even if you have a housing subsidy system, the details will vary from company to company. For reference, examples of the conditions and amount of payment of the housing assistance system are explained below.Payment conditions for rent subsidies (Housing allowance)There are many cases where “distance” from the company is the condition for rent subsidy, such as ” ¥¥ monthly for employees living within ◯ km from the company.” The distance from the company varies depending on the company, such as 1.5 km, 2 km, 3 km, and 5 km. Some companies use the “number of stations” as a condition, such as “within ◯ stations from the nearest station to the company” instead of the distance.In addition, some companies provide rent subsidy after 3 years of joining the company, as a condition of rent subsidy regardless of where they live.Payment of rent subsidy (Housing allowance)According to the “2015 Survey on Working Conditions” (Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare), data indicate that the average amount of housing allowance per person is 17,000 yen. By industry, the information and communications industry, including IT, was ¥ 25,312, much higher than the average.The actual amount of payment is set widely by the company, such as 15,000-yen, 30,000 yen, and 50,000 yen. In addition, there are companies that define it as “50% of rent”. However, in this case, there is often a limit.Due to the shortage of human resources in the IT industry in recent years, more companies are introducing new rent subsidy systems or increasing the amount of rent subsidies to acquire excellent human resources.Size and layout of rented company house and employee dormitoriesThe size and layout of rented company house and employee dormitories may vary from company to company. It usually depends entirely on whether the resident is single or married.The company dormitories and employee dormitories where single employees are occupied generally are one-room size, 1K, or 1DK floor plans, with rooms ranging from 6 to 8 tatami mats (10 to 14 square meters). For rented company housing and employee dormitories where married employees are occupied by 3 to 4 family members, it is common to arrange a layout of about 2DK to 3LDK. The average goes from 19.4㎡ to 23.4㎡.ConclusionForeigners working in Japan for the first time want to keep their expenses as low as possible until work is on track and life is stable. In this regard, companies that have systems such as rent subsidies (housing allowances), rented company housing and employee dormitories can help reduce the rent burden. When researching Japanese companies, be sure to check if there is a housing subsidy in the benefits.If you have a rent subsidy (housing allowance), be sure to check the payment conditions. For example, if “3 years of service” is a condition, you will not be able to receive assistance for the time being. In some cases, it is not eligible for payment. Be sure to check with your HR representative if you have any questions.

There are many reasons why Japan is one of the top choices for working foreigners who want a change of scene. The country’s rich culture, historical tourist attractions, delicious cuisine, excellent working environment, terrific people, and continued acceptance of outsiders have all persuaded foreigners to see how they would fare in the country.A large part of why many foreigners are interested in moving to Japan is because of the country’s national government exerting a lot of effort to bring in gaijin to join the workforce. One of the areas that the Japanese government is looking to fill in with foreigners is the IT engineer industry. By 2030, Japan is expected to have a massive software engineering deficit of close to 800,000.Japan’s need for foreign IT engineers has increased over the years, and the nation’s demand for these technology experts have somewhat been fulfilled. In fact, according to Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, there are approximately 30,000 non-Japanese IT engineers residing in the country today, which equates to about 3% of Japan’s IT engineer population.Foreign IT engineers are scattered all over the Land of the Rising Sun, but some locations have shown to be more inviting and alluring to these in-demand professionals. Here are some of the best-recommended destinations for IT engineers in Japan.TOKYOThis comes as no surprise, but Tokyo is perhaps the most popular choice for most non-Japanese professionals. The metropolis is known for its diverse international community, as Tokyo is currently the most populated area in the world. The opportunities for IT engineers in Tokyo are endless because most of Japan’s major tech companies are located in the area. As a matter of fact, 9 out of the 10 largest Japanese tech companies positioned their headquarters in Tokyo.Tokyo is filled with some of the world’s leading tech brands such as Softbank, NTT Docomo, NTT Data Corporation, Sony, KDDI, Recruit Co., Ltd, Canon, Hitachi, Mitsubishi Electronic, and many other internationally-recognized companies.The nation’s capital is also famous for its Akihabara district, which is filled with anime, electronics, manga, and video game companies heavily relying on the talents of IT and software engineers.OSAKAOsaka is perfect for IT professionals seeking high compensation but don’t want to deal with Tokyo’s busy atmosphere, crowdedness, and high living expenses. Osaka is home to globally-known tech brands including Panasonic, Sharp, and manufacturing giants such as Suntory and Nissin Food Products.Japan’s 3rd largest city is ideal for IT engineers who want to grow with their company. Currently, the city serves as the breeding ground for tech companies with over 1,000 developing startups. The famous British newspaper, The Guardian, referred to Osaka as Japan’s own Silicon Valley.Osaka even has a mall dedicated to newly-made technology. The Grand Front Osaka hosts programs that showcase developers and their high-tech inventions and innovations. Guests can try smartphone apps as it is being coded, operate drones, and use prototypes that are years from being released to the market.Aside from this, Osaka is also experiencing a surging development and tourism sector. So, apart from the opportunities available in tech and manufacturing companies, IT engineers can even venture into new fields and enhance their skills.KYOTO Kyoto has always been admired for its incredible manufacturing industry. With more factories adapting to the ever-developing times by embracing automation techniques and artificial intelligence, IT engineers have become some of the most sought-after talents on this side of Japan.Luckily for IT engineers who are fans of iconic video games such as Pokémon, Animal Crossing, The Legend of Zelda, and Super Mario, the Nintendo main headquarters is positioned in Kyoto. This opportunity is ideal for IT engineers who want to work for a major company while embracing the inner-child in them.Kyoto is also known for its excellent educational reputation provided by the Kyoto Institute of Technology (KIT). KIT is a superb place for IT engineers who want to expand their horizons and enhance their capabilities in new technology. Aside from the Kyoto Institute of Technology, there is also the Kyoto University, which has consistently ranked among the world’s best universities.What makes Japan’s historic capital unique from other technologically advanced locations is that it is known for its continued focus on the production of hardware technology, as opposed to the rest of the world’s fascination with software technology led by tech giants such as Google, Amazon, Uber, and several others.FUKUOKA One of Japan’s most promising IT engineering spots is the city of Fukuoka. Much like Osaka, a lot of IT startup companies establish their reputations here. This city is an excellent place for IT engineers who are at the beginning of their careers. Fukuoka, which has been dubbed “Japan’s most innovative city” by major news outlet BBC, made headlines for its mission of becoming Japan’s number 1 startup destination. Mayor Sōichirō Takashima is leading the way by requesting the national government to treat Fukuoka as a “national strategic special zone,” which cuts corporate taxes for tech companies and creates a special visa for non-Japanese entrepreneurs.Additionally, Fukuoka still maintains reasonable living expenses even though it has the country’s highest population growth and is also one of its many booming and developing technological cities.CONCLUSION Japan is one of the most technologically advanced countries on the planet and home to some of the most revered tech companies. With plenty of opportunities abound, IT engineers have no reason to worry about which companies they are potentially going to represent and lend their services to. In the Land of the Rising Sun, there are multiple alluring destinations where IT engineers could sharpen their skills, practice their expertise, and successfully continue their careers.If you seek great IT engineering opportunities and more employment tips, feel free to visit our website below. Good luck with your future endeavors! Sources:https://agency-star.co.jp/column/district-engineerhttps://www.atmarkit.co.jp/ait/articles/1803/12/news008_2.html

日本特有の福利厚生とも言われている「健康診断」。外国人ITエンジニアからすると、どんな検査を行うか不安になるはずです。そこで、健康診断の内容を詳しく解説し、日本の素晴らしい福利厚生（健康診断）をご紹介していきます。すべての外国人労働者に関わる日本の健康診断事情年々、深刻な人手不足が進行している日本。外国人労働者の受け入れを積極的に行う企業も増えています。外国人労働者を採用する際には、継続的な就労が可能であることを証明するために、健康診断の実施と健康診断書の提出が必要とされています。これは、日本の安全衛生法が適用されるためであり、企業側が労働者の健康を確保するという責任のもと実施しています。そのため、外国人労働者の方たちは母国と日本の文化や法律の違いを把握し、健康診断に対する知識を高める必要があります。会社が健康診断を行う目的と義務日本企業では当たり前のように実施されている健康診断。日本人でも外国人でも関係なくすべての従業員が診断を受ける必要がある目的や義務についてご説明します。健康診断を行う目的企業が従業員に対して健康診断を行う目的は、生活習慣病などの病気を早期に発見して治療することや、病気を未然に予防するため。また、健康診断を定期的に実施することにより、日常生活の中で自覚していない症状や、今後発症するリスクのある病気を発見できる可能性があります。企業が健全な経営を行うためにも、従業員の健康維持は最重要テーマのひとつといえるでしょう。健康診断を行う義務労働安全衛生法により、企業は健康診断を実施する義務があります。人材を雇用して利益を上げているため、従業員の健康や身体の安全を管理する「使用者責任」のもと、労働環境に配慮しなければなりません。近年、働き方改革により過度な残業などは減少していますが、健康を損なうような過酷な業務や長時間労働をさせた結果、従業員が病気や事故に陥ってしまうと、企業側は安全配慮義務を怠ったとして責任を負うことになる。つまり、従業員の健康を守ることが、企業を守ることに繋がるのです。会社が実施する健康診断の内容労働安全衛生法第66条に基づき、事業者（企業）は従業員に対して定められた健康診断を実施する義務がありますが、具体的にどのような診断内容があるのでしょうか。ここからは、健康診断の種類や費用などについて解説していきます。健康診断の種類健康診断には大きく分けて「一般健康診断」と「特殊健康診断」があります。・一般健康診断常時使用する労働者を対象にした、すべての企業と職種に実施が義務付けられている健康診断。雇入れ時健康診断や毎年1回行う定期健康診断をはじめ、6カ月以上の海外派遣労働者が対象となる健康診断、給食従業員の検便などがあります。・特殊健康診断労働安全衛生法で定められている有害業務に従事する労働者を対象にした健康診断。対象となるのは、「高気圧業務」「放射線業務」「特定化学物質業務」「石綿業務」「鉛業務」「四アルキル鉛業務」「有機溶剤業務」の7つの業務になります。健康診断の費用負担は誰？厚生労働省の通達によれば、健康診断の費用は法律で事業者に実施の義務を課している以上、事業者が負担すべきものであるとされています。そのため、日本企業では会社負担で健康診断を受診することが一般的であり、健康診断を受けるためにかかった交通費も含まれます。そのため、診断に関わる従業員の費用負担はありません。健康診断の時間の目安病院までの移動時間や待ち時間、検査時間をすべて含めた場合、企業・病院ごとによって健康診断の所要時間は異なります。それらを踏まえた上で、平均的な目安としては最大で半日、診断がスムーズにいけば1時間程度。ただし、病院の混雑状況や女性の場合や検査項目の数によって、診断時間が長引くケースがあるので、余裕を持ったスケジュールを組むようにしましょう。「雇入れ時健康診断」の詳細雇入れ時健康診断とは、企業に入社する際に実施される健康診断のこと。労働安全衛生規則第43条の「事業者は、常時使用する労働者を雇い入れるときは、当該労働者に対し、医師による健康診断を行わなければならない。」という内容に基づき、企業側の義務として定められています。外国人の技能実習生の場合は、配属される前後3ヶ月以内に健康診断の実施が必要であり、母国で健康診断を行っていたとしても日本国内の医療機関で実施しなければなりません。本来は企業への配属後に健康診断が実施されますが、配属前であっても研修センターなどで健康診断を実施することが可能です。「定期健康診断」の詳細定期健康診断とは、企業側が1年以内に1回の頻度で定期的に実施する健康診断のこと。対象となるのは、正社員をはじめアルバイトやパートなどを含む1年以上継続勤務している方、または継続勤務が見込まれる方となります。さらに、1週間の所定労働時間が正社員の4分の3以上の方も対象となります。外国人の技能実習生の場合は、雇入れ時健康診断が実施されてから1年以内に再度健康診断の実施が必要とされているので注意が必要。定期健康診断は、労働者側にも受診する義務があるため、受診を拒否すると就業規則などの定めにより懲戒処分の対象になります。最低限実施が必要な検査11項目「雇入れ時健康診断」と「定期健康診断」は、共に最低限実施しなければならない検査項目があります。その労働安全衛生規則（43条）で定められた11項目は次の通りです。・既往歴及び業務歴の調査・自覚症状及び他覚症状の有無の検査・身長、体重、腹囲、視力、聴力の検査・胸部エックス線検査・血圧測定・貧血検査（血色素量及び赤血球数）・肝機能検査（GOT、GPT、γ-GTP）・血中脂質検査（ＬＤＬコレステロール，ＨＤＬコレステロール、血清トリグリセライド）・血糖検査・尿検査（尿中の糖及び蛋白の有無の検査）・心電図検査転職しても健康的に働こう母国から離れ、ただでさえ異文化ストレスを感じやすい外国人労働者にとって、健康維持はとても重要です。これまで培ってきた知識やスキルをフルに発揮するためにも、日本企業が必ず実施する健康診断をセルフメディケーションの一環と捉えて、転職後の健康的なワークスタイルを築いていきましょう。新入社員の健康管理も大切にする日本だから転職も安心働き方改革の推進により、今まで以上に従業員の労働環境が改善されつつある日本。その中で、法律により定められた健康診断の実施は、従業員の健康管理を重要視する企業を育むことにも繋がっています。また、先進国の中でも日本は医療技術が進んでおり、健康診断を受診することによって病気の早期発見や生活習慣に関する指導を受けられます。企業負担で実施される定期的な健康診断をしっかりと受診することは、病気で働けなくなるリスクを軽減すると共に「安心」を得ることができるのです。まとめ国籍問わず、従業員が健康であり続けるために企業側が実施する健康診断。海外では日本のような法律がなく、任意や自己負担で検診を行っている国もあるため、日本の保険制度は充実しているといえます。ダイバーシティにより、労働者を取り巻く環境が今後も大きく変化していく中で、ストレスによる病気や脳・心臓疾患などのリスクが増える可能性は大いにあります。日本企業での就職を考えている外国の方たちにおいても、定期的に企業が実施する日本の健康診断は、自身の健康状態を把握しながら本来の能力を発揮し続けるために役立つことでしょう。

外国人が日本で就業するにあたっては、「どこの会社で働くか？」も重要ですが、「どこに住むのか？」ということも重要なポイントになってきます。会社に通いやすい場所にマンション・アパートを借りるのが一般的ですが、それ以外の選択肢もあり、会社によっては独自の福利厚生制度によって住宅費の負担を軽減できる場合もあります。今回は、日本に住むなら知っておきたい「住まいに関する会社の福利厚生」について解説していきましょう。住宅費の負担を軽減する日本の住宅補助制度住宅費は生活費の多くを占める出費です。初めて日本に暮らす外国人の方は家賃相場なども分からないので、様々な不安が生じることと思います。参考までに一都三県の家賃相場をご紹介しましょう。東京・神奈川・埼玉・千葉の家賃相場「平成30年住宅・土地統計調査 住宅及び世帯に関する基本集計」（令和元年９月30日 総務省統計局）によると、一都三県の「1ヶ月あたりの家賃・間代」は以下のようになっています。・東京都：81,001円・神奈川県：68,100円・埼玉県：59,358円・千葉県：57,421円東京都が8万円台と頭一つ抜けており、次に高いのが神奈川県で約68,000円、埼玉県、千葉県が5万円台後半というデータが出ています。多くの企業が東京都に集中しているので、「職住近接」を望む方はある程度の家賃出費は覚悟しておいたほうがいいでしょう。もちろん、神奈川・埼玉・千葉に住んで東京の会社に通う日本人も少なくありません。家賃を抑えたい外国人や、住まいの広さや間取りを優先したい外国人は、隣接3県で住まいを探すのも一つの手です。住宅補助制度がある会社が安心！日本の会社は、福利厚生の一環として「住宅補助制度」を設けているところが多くあります。たとえば、「月収30万円＆住宅補助なしのA社」と、「月収27万円＆住宅補助として家賃の半額が支給されるB社」では、どちらの会社が魅力的でしょうか？中長期的な目で見たら「B社を選んだほうがお得」と判断できるかもしれません。日本で会社選びをする際は、給与額だけでなく、住宅補助制度の有無やその内容も含めて判断するようにしましょう。具体的にどんな住宅補助制度があるの？日本の会社の住宅補助制度は、会社が定める条件を満たす社員に毎月一定額が支給される形が一般的ですが、この他にもいくつかのパターンがあります。一般的な住宅補助制度について解説していきましょう。01：家賃補助（住宅手当）もっとも一般的な住宅補助制度が、家賃補助（住宅手当）です。家賃補助とは、会社が社員の住宅費の一部を手当として支給する福利厚生のこと。賃貸住宅に住んでいる社員の家賃を補助したり、持ち家に住んでいる社員の住宅ローンを補助したりする目的で支給されます。家賃補助の制度がある場合でも、会社によって支給条件や支給金額は異なります。02：借り上げ社宅借り上げ社宅とは、会社が借りた住宅に社員が住む制度のこと。会社が賃貸物件を借り入れて、入居する社員から家賃の一部を徴収するのが一般的です。会社が一定の割合で家賃を負担するため、社員自身が賃貸する場合より安く住めるのがメリットだと言えます。従来は、会社が一棟丸ごと賃貸して各戸を社員に貸し出すのが一般的でしたが、最近は社員自身が条件の範囲内で物件を探して、会社名義で借りるケースも多くなっています。なお、上述した家賃補助の場合は、毎月の給料に上乗せされて支給されるため、そのぶん社員の税負担や保険料負担が増えることになります。一方で、借り上げ社宅は社員が会社に一定の家賃を支払う形になるため、税負担や保険料負担が増えることはありません。03：社員寮社員寮とは、社員の居住用として会社が所有している建物のこと。家具・家電が備え付けられている社員寮や、食事が付いている（食事が安く提供されている）社員寮もあります。入居する場合は一定額の家賃を支払いますが、近隣の物件を自分で借りるより大幅に安い金額で利用できます。しかしながら、社員寮があっても利用しない社員が増えていることや、高度経済成長期に建てられた物件が多く老朽化が進んでいることなどから、近年は社員寮が減少傾向にあります。そのため、社員寮のある会社を見つけるのは難しいかもしれません。日本の会社の住宅補助事例住宅補助制度は、あくまで会社が独自に設けている法定外福利なので、当然ながら制度そのものがない会社もあります。「平成27年度就労条件総合調査」（厚生労働省）によると、何らかの住宅手当を支給している会社は全体の45.8％というデータが出ています。産業別ではIT関連など情報通信業が56.0％と、半分以上の会社が住宅手当を支給していることが分かります。もちろん、住宅補助制度を設けている場合でも、その内容などは会社によって異なります。参考までに、住宅補助制度の支給条件や支給額などの事例を掲載しておきます。家賃補助（住宅手当）の支給条件「会社から◯km圏内に住む社員には毎月◯円を支給する」というように、会社からの「距離」を家賃補助の支給条件としているケースは多くあります。会社からの距離は、1.5km、2km、3km、5kmなど会社によって様々です。また距離ではなく、「会社の最寄り駅から◯駅圏内」というように、「駅数」を条件にしている会社もあります。その他、住んでいる場所にかかわらず「入社3年以上」というように「勤続年数」を家賃補助の支給条件としている会社もあります。家賃補助（住宅手当）の支給額「平成27年度就労条件総合調査」（厚生労働省）によると、一人あたりの住宅手当の平均支給額は17,000円というデータが出ています。産業別ではIT関連など情報通信業が25,312円と、平均を大きく上回っています。実際の支給額は15,000円、30,000円、50,000円など、会社によって幅広く設定されています。また、「家賃の5割」というような定め方をしている会社もあります。ただし、このケースでは上限額が決められていることがほとんどです。近年のIT業界は人材不足が常態化していることもあり、優秀な人材を獲得するため、家賃補助の制度を新たに導入したり、家賃補助の支給額を増額したりする会社も増えているようです。借り上げ社宅や社員寮の広さ・間取り借り上げ社宅や社員寮の広さ・間取りは会社によって異なります。通常は、入居する社員が独身なのか既婚なのかによってまったく変わってきます。独身社員が入居する借り上げ社宅・社員寮は、ワンルームや1K、1DKの間取りで、居室の広さが6畳～8畳（10㎡～14㎡）の物件が一般的です。既婚社員が家族3～4人で入居する借り上げ社宅・社員寮は、2DK～3LDKくらいの間取りが一般的です。平均は19.4㎡である。平均は23.4㎡である。まとめ初めて日本で働く外国人の方は、仕事が軌道に乗って暮らしが安定するまでは、できるだけ出費を抑えたいものです。その意味で、家賃補助（住宅手当）や借り上げ社宅・社員寮などの制度がある会社なら、家賃負担を軽減することができます。日本の会社をリサーチする際は、福利厚生のなかに住宅補助制度があるかどうかをチェックするようにしましょう。もし、家賃補助（住宅手当）の制度がある場合は、支給条件の確認を忘れずに。たとえば、「勤続3年」が条件になっていると当面は補助を受けられませんし、「世帯主であること」が条件になっていると恋人・友人とルームシェアをしている人は支給対象にならないケースがあります。不明点があれば、必ず人事担当者に確認するようにしましょう。