IT engineer is a general term for technicians who deal with IT (Information Technology), and positions such as “systems engineer” and “programmer” fall under this category.Since there are many different types of IT engineers, many people who want to become IT engineers may not know what to aim for. If you are thinking of becoming an IT engineer, you should first know the “five high-demand job categories” in the IT market, which we will introduce today.After all, if you want to pursue a career as an IT engineer, it is important that you learn the latest programming languages and get exposed to the latest technologies. You should also think about your future position, such as whether you want to be a systems engineer or a programmer.In this article, we will focus on the five job categories of IT engineers that are in demand in the market today.Five IT high-demand engineering jobsBelow we explain the five IT engineering job categories that are currently in high demand by companies. This table was created in consultation with GTalent recruiters and was originally designed to reflect the latest needs and trends among companies.◆ Five IT high-demand engineering jobsWe have ranked the IT engineer job categories from 1 to 5 based on company demand, but basically the demand for all categories is very high. The average annual salary for IT engineers is 4.5 million yen. Data Scientists (ranked 3rd) and DevOps Engineers (ranked 5th) have the highest average annual salary among IT engineers, and since they require a high level of expertise, there is not much talent on the market.In contrast, the annual salaries of Web Application Engineers (ranked 1st) and Mobile Application Engineers (ranked 2nd) are closer to the average, as there are relatively many workers available due to high demand from companies.Below is a detailed explanation of each job category.#1: Web Application EngineerA web application engineer is an engineer who designs and develops web applications that run on a web browser.Specific web applications include the following:SNS applications such as Twitter and FacebookMail applications such as Gmail and Yahoo!Online shopping sites such as e-commerce sites.Web application engineers are involved in the design and development of these applications. Among web application engineers, there are “back-end engineers (or server-side engineers)” who focus on server-side development, and “front-end engineers (or client-side engineers)” who create the screens that users use while viewing UI /UX.Back-end engineers need to know about servers and databases, and front-end engineers need to be able to design websites that are easy to use. In terms of annual salary, back-end engineers tend to earn more than front-end engineers.The most common technologies used by web application engineers in development are Python, PHP, and Ruby for the server side and HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for the front-end side.#2: Mobile Application EngineerSimply put, a mobile application engineer is an engineer who plans, develops, and operates applications for smartphones. They are responsible for planning, developing, and operating applications that are installed on smartphones and tablets through application stores such as App Store and Google Play.Specific responsibilities of a mobile application engineer include the following: Plan and define requirements for applications.(Plan the type of application to be built and define application feature requirements). Design, implementation, and testing(Based on the defined requirements, design, code, and implement the application and then test to see if the intended function is performed). Operation and maintenance(Once the application is released, perform regular operation and maintenance to ensure that the application is used without any problems).As smartphones become more widespread and the applications developed become more diverse, mobile application engineers must constantly seek to learn new skills and technologies.Another feature of this job category is that it is in high demand by businesses as the internet becomes more accessible and the demand for smartphone applications increases.The languages that mobile application engineers often use for development are Swift for iOS and Kotlin for Android.#3: Data ScientistA data scientist is a job category that uses statistics and algorithms to collect and analyze large amounts of data and information, known as Big Data. Although the word “engineer” does not appear in this job category, it is a type of engineer because it uses programming skills to collect and process data.Job categories that are often confused with data scientist include “AI engineer,” who develops artificial intelligence; “machine learning engineer,” who develops a mechanism for a machine to learn automatically by providing data and instructions to an artificial intelligence computer; and “data analyst,” who analyzes data and solves problems based on the analyzed data. The definitions of these job categories vary from company to company. Therefore, it is important to know the details of each job posting to understand what exactly the job entails, rather than judging it solely on the job category.The specific responsibilities of a data scientist include the following: Identification of problems(Consider what problems exist in the business being analyzed and what type of data is needed to solve the problems).Data collection and analysis(Once the data to be collected is determined, collect and analyze the data, while processing the collected data).Utilization of the data(Based on the analyzed data, find a solution to the problem, and use it for future work).Data Scientists must have highly specialized skills such as programming and database skills, mathematical skills such as statistics and algorithms, logical thinking and marketing skills.They may also work with technologies such as “image processing” used in AI cameras for automated driving and “natural language processing” used in voice recognition systems such as Siri. As a result, the market value of Data Scientists is high, and the average annual salary is 5.2 million yen, but it is not uncommon for them to earn much more than this amount.However, since Data Scientists must have specialized knowledge, it is relatively difficult to work in this field without experience. Even if you have programming experience, it is not easy to become a data scientist without knowledge of statistics. The most common language used by data scientists is Python.#4: Infrastructure EngineerAn infrastructure engineer is an engineer who supports IT infrastructure such as networks and servers. Specifically, they build, operate, and maintain IT infrastructure such as networks and servers.Infrastructure engineers work in a variety of fields, and there are many different types.Server Engineers(They build, operate, and maintain mail servers and web servers).Network Engineers(They build, operate, and maintain a network that connects a server to terminals or a server to a server). Security Engineer(They protect company networks and systems from external attacks).Cloud Engineer(You design, build, and operate systems that use cloud environments like AWS).Basically, start with operations, maintenance, and monitoring, and gradually build on that experience to expand your expertise as an infrastructure engineer.The skills required of an infrastructure engineer include specific knowledge of IT infrastructure, of course, but also, depending on the company, tasks such as setting up security, which sometimes requires a broad range of knowledge in different areas.Since knowledge of IT infrastructure is of utmost importance for infrastructure engineers, no specific languages can be presented as commonly used. However, recently it has become common to use cloud services to build infrastructures, and Amazon’s AWS, Google’s GCP, and Microsoft’s Azure are very popular.As for development languages, it is recommended to learn Java, Python, Shell, etc. to improve work efficiency.#5: DevOps EngineerA DevOps engineer is an engineer who performs a variety of tasks to improve the speed of development and achieve stable operation of services. The term “DevOps” is made up of the words “development” and “operations” and came about in light of the fact that there is a conflict between the goal of rapid development of software on the development side and the goal of stable operation of systems on the operations side.The role of a DevOps engineer is to resolve this conflict between “development” and “operations”. Specific tasks include the following:Build and operate the infrastructure environment(Design of infrastructure environments including servers and selection of appropriate network environments). System development, maintenance, and operation(Design and development of the system and operation of the system once completed).Provide guidance to the “development” team and the “operations” team.(They stand between the “development” team and the “operations” team, relating to the arguments of the two teams and promoting collaboration between them).DevOps engineers have a wide range of responsibilities with their role of “accelerating” on the development side and “improving efficiency” on the operations side.Skills DevOps engineers need to have include an understanding and knowledge of tools and technologies in the IT industry, experience in “ensuring scalability” to extend systems to handle server loads, an understanding of networks and infrastructures, and the ability to coordinate to connect the operations and development sides.The path to becoming a DevOps engineer is tough because it requires you to be comfortable with a wide range of knowledge. There is no silver bullet to becoming a DevOps engineer but moving up the ladder after gaining experience as an infrastructure engineer or web application engineer is a relatively easy way to become one.Even if you work for a small company, you may be asked to take on the role of DevOps engineer due to a shortage of manpower.Since it’s not a development-centric job category, development languages are not central to your skill set, but languages DevOps engineers commonly use for development include Java, Python, and Ruby.The IT engineering industry faces a persistent shortage of human resourcesThe following table is from the report “Survey on IT Human Resources Supply and Demand” published by the Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry in March 2019.◆There will be a shortage of up to 790,000 IT employees by 2030.Reference: Survey on IT Human Resources Supply and Demand (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry)According to this report, there will be a shortage of between 160,000 and 790,000 IT employees by 2030.To solve this problem, quite a few companies are trying to IT secure engineers by recruiting foreigners. Large IT companies such as Mercari and Rakuten also hire foreigners, and there are even start-up companies in the field of AI technology that are mainly composed of foreigners.There are three reasons for the shortage of IT engineers.Reason (1): The evolution of IT technologyReason (2): Declining birth rate and ageing populationReason (3): Backward IT education in JapanNow let us look at these reasons one by one.Reason (1): The evolution of IT technologyIT technology is advancing at a dizzying pace. A well-known example is the Internet of Things (IoT), which includes SNS, smartphone apps, and home appliances, and has spawned one new technology after another.The same is true for businesses, and in particular, more and more companies are trying to drive DX, i.e., reform their business by leveraging IT tech data and digital technologies such as cloud, AI, and Big Data.As DX is related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution (technological innovation using IoT, AI and Big Data), it will attract more and more attention in the future. In the IT industry, technology is evolving rapidly, and the skills required are changing with the times, making it difficult to find IT personnel who can keep up with the times and causing a shortage of human resources. The following article also mentions the shortage of DX personnel.Reference Article: External recruitment but not enough DX staff, two-stage ‘retraining’ to develop staffReason (2): Declining birth rate and ageing populationAnother factor is the declining birth rate and aging population. The decline in the labor force due to the declining birth rate and aging population will also affect the industry IT.Some companies are taking measures such as extending the retirement age and hiring new people, but this is not a fundamental solution because there are not enough young people who want to become engineers.Some companies are hiring new graduates with no experience or only those with experience. If you have skills in advanced technologies like AI, you can suddenly earn over 10 million yen a year as a new graduate.Reference Article: The fierce battle for “IT graduates,” even with 10 million annual salaryReason (3): Backward IT education in JapanAccording to the following data from the Cabinet Office, the scientific and mathematical literacy of 15-year-old Japanese is higher than that of Western countries, and Japan’s potential in ICT (information and communication technology) is not low.Reference data: School Education Issues in Japan (Cabinet Office).However, due to the lack of experience in using ICT (information and communication technology) in schools, the level of IT education in Japan is low compared to other countries. Japanese people have a high level of scientific and mathematical skills, which constitute the basic knowledge of IT. However, because they do not experience IT in their school years, they remain dissatisfied with IT even as adults.Finally, programming education will be a compulsory subject in Japanese elementary schools from 2020, but this has not solved the shortage of people to support IT due to the declining birth rate.It is very important that you know what language and environment you want to become an engineer in, rather than just a “systems engineer” or “programmer”When you hear the word “IT engineer,” most of you probably think of “systems engineer (SE*)” or “programmer (PG*).” *In the IT industry, “systems engineer” and “programmer” are sometimes abbreviated to “SE” and “PG” respectively.A “systems engineer” is an engineer who is primarily involved in the development, design, testing, and other aspects of an entire system, while a “programmer” is an engineer who writes code and programs based on the specifications created by the systems engineer. In short, both are IT engineers.However, if your goal is to become IT an engineer, whether you are a systems engineer or a programmer, you will need to work in an environment where the latest programming languages are used to advance your career.For those of you who want to become IT engineer, it is important to know what kind of IT engineer you want to become, such as a web applications engineer, and not just a programmer.Because if you become a programmer working with “COBOL” or “FORTRAN”, which were the most common programming languages 30 to 60 years ago, your career and employment opportunities will be limited, and it will be very difficult to build a career as an IT engineer.Therefore, aspiring IT engineers should first aim for the latest job categories, such as “Web Application Engineer” or “Mobile Application Engineer”.To become an IT engineer with no experience, attend a university or a programming schoolMany readers of this article may not have experience in the IT industry but are interested in becoming IT engineers.There are two main ways to become IT engineer without having experience in the IT industry.(1) Take a job as IT engineer with an IT company that is looking for people with no experience.(2) Acquire specialized knowledge and skills at a university, trade school, or programming school.In my opinion, I recommend the second option: acquire specialized knowledge and skills at a university, trade school, or programming school, and then become an IT engineer. The reason is that this will expand your career after you become IT engineer.If you attend a university, trade school, or programming school, you can gain specialized knowledge and skills there and use those knowledge and skills to advance your career after you become IT engineer.On the other hand, if you find a job as an IT engineer without experience, as in (1), you may not be able to gain much knowledge or skills and therefore your career will not advance. There are many companies looking for IT engineers with no experience, but even if you get a job there, you will often be given only rudimentary tasks. If you are only doing such work, it will be difficult to move up to the next level.Even if you become IT an engineer with no experience, at some point you will need to further your education outside of work itself. Therefore, it is more efficient to first acquire professional skills and knowledge at a university, trade school, or programming school, and then build your career as an experienced IT engineer.If you are currently working in another industry and want to become an IT engineer without experience, I recommend attending a university, trade school, or programming school to acquire knowledge and skills part-time, and then take on projects as a freelancer to gain experience.Recently, there have been tools that allow you to learn programming on your own. You may want to try these out first, or you may want to get the certifications/licenses recommended for each of the job categories above to determine your aptitude.Some of you may be interested in becoming IT engineer but are afraid of the thought of changing jobs to become IT engineer without having experience in the IT industry. From the article below, about 80% of people who changed jobs to become an engineer without prior experience are more satisfied with their new job than their previous job.◆Thoughts on changing careers to become an engineer without prior experienceNote: Data from 【未経験からのエンジニア転職に関する調査】転職者の8割超が「やりがいが向上」、約7割が「給与アップ」、未経験からエンジニアへのキャリアチェンジ (アデコ)(https://prtimes.jp/main/html/rd/p/000000692.000001264.html)Some of the comments from those who have switched jobs are, “The work is interesting,” “It’s very rewarding,” and “I can now work in a way that’s closer to my ideal.” Given the current severe shortage of IT engineers, it might be a good idea to take up IT engineering as a career.Certification/License that IT engineers need to acquire for each job categoryAs for the certifications/licenses we talked about earlier, please look at the table below for a list of certifications/licenses you should acquire by job category.◆ List of Certifications/Licenses You Should Acquire by Job CategoryIf you are interested, please review the certification/licensure exam questions to see what you need to know for each job. For example, those who want to become web application engineers should look at the Systems Architect exam, which tests your knowledge of defining system requirements and systems, and those who want to become native application engineers should look at the Authorized Certification Engineer for Android exam, which tests your knowledge of Android application development.Programming languages you should know to become an IT engineerNow let us look at the programming languages you need to know as an IT engineer.Please look at the table below. It summarizes the languages used in the five IT engineering job categories I mentioned earlier.◆ List of commonly used programming languages by job categoryIf you look at this table, Java, Python and Ruby are the most widely used and these three are the programming languages you should keep in mind.Python is a relatively simple and easy to understand programming language that can be used for web application development, opportunity learning, and statistical learning, which are currently the focus of interest.Ruby is a domestically produced programming language that makes it easy for beginners to get started, as no knowledge of English is required, and the code is simple and easy to read. It is also versatile and very versatile.Java is a programming language that can be used in virtually any environment, from systems development to web application development. It is also used by many companies. So, if you know Java, you will have little trouble finding a job.If you want to work as an IT engineer, it would also be useful to speak English, even if it is not a programming language. Reference books on the latest programming languages are written in English. So, if you cannot read in English, it will be difficult to read and understand them. Also, many Japanese companies are now hiring foreign engineers, so you can use English to communicate.There are already a lot of foreigners in the fintech and cutting-edge technology fields. So, if you are interested in these fields or want to pursue them in the future, I highly recommend learning English.SummaryThere is a shortage of IT engineers worldwide, and as mentioned earlier, many Japanese companies are hiring foreign engineers. However, due to Japan’s declining birth rate and aging population, and the resulting decrease in the labor force, the country is also facing a serious shortage of IT engineers from a global perspective.Therefore, more and more companies are looking for IT engineers even if they have no experience in the IT industry or are hiring foreign IT engineers. It used to be difficult to change jobs to become an engineer if you were over 35, but today many companies are willing to accept people from a wide age range if their skills match the company’s hiring needs.We offer two services for IT engineers: “GTalent”, a career transition service, and “GitTap”, a scouting and job information website that allows you to contact companies directly. For foreign IT engineers working in Japan and Japanese IT engineers seeking a global environment, we offer a variety of recruitment opportunities. Please check out the “GTalent” and “GitTap” service pages Browse G Talent Browse GitTap

外国籍ITエンジニア採用、注目される理由とは国内では少子化が進み、労働人口が減少しています。一方AIやIoTをはじめとした技術革新に伴い、ITエンジニアの需要は増加。そのため、ITエンジニア不足が深刻化しています。経済産業省の調査によれば、2030年までに不足するITエンジニアは最大79万人にのぼるといわれます。ITエンジニアを採用するのが難しくなる中、注目されているのが「外国籍ITエンジニア」です。外国籍ITエンジニアの出身国に多いインド・中国・ベトナムは、IT人材の育成に力をいれています。加えて、人口増加などを背景に海外で仕事を探すエンジニアが多くなっています。そのため、スキルの高いエンジニアを採用しやすくなっています。外国籍ITエンジニアを採用する企業は顕著に増えています。2020年には、技術力の高いエンジニアに付与される「高度専門職」ビザの認定数が2016年の4倍になりました。政府は引き続き、外国籍ITエンジニアの認定を増やす方針を発表しています。外国籍ITエンジニアを採用する企業は、これからますます増えていくでしょう。参照：高度人材ポイント制の認定件数（累計）の推移（出入国在留管理庁）（http://www.moj.go.jp/isa/content/930003821.pdf）IT 人材需給に関する主な試算結果③, IT人材の需要に関する調査（経済産業省）（https://www.meti.go.jp/policy/it_policy/jinzai/houkokusyo.pdf）十分な情報収集が成功のカギ外国籍ITエンジニアの採用を成功させるには、日本人採用以上に念入りな準備が必要です。外国籍ITエンジニアを採用する企業が増えたことで、以前より採用ノウハウを学びやすくなっています。成功パターンや外国籍ITエンジニア特有の採用課題を把握し、効率的に採用を進めましょう。本資料では、外国籍ITエンジニア採用の現状からメリット・デメリットまで、外国籍ITエンジニアを採用するなら知っておきたい基礎知識をご紹介します。先行事例から読み取る、成功パターンや懸念点への対策も必見です。【目次】外国籍ITエンジニア採用の現状外国籍ITエンジニアのメリット外国籍ITエンジニア採用のデメリット外国人IT人材の採用ステップと成功のコツ外国籍ITエンジニアの採用を成功させるポイント【比較】外国籍ITエンジニアに適した採用方法 資料ダウンロードはこちら

優秀なITエンジニアを採用するには 日本国内では労働人口が減少する一方、ITエンジニアの需要が増加しています。企業がITエンジニアを採用するのは、今後ますます難しくなるでしょう。特に即戦力人材を採用するには、厳しい人材獲得競争を勝ち抜かなければいけません。 そんな中、外国籍ITエンジニアを採用する企業が増えています。高いスキルをもつ人材を採用しやすいのが人気の理由です。 外国籍ITエンジニア独自の採用ノウハウが必須 外国籍ITエンジニアを採用する企業は年々増加していますが、人材獲得競争は現状激しくありません。今から外国籍ITエンジニアの採用ノウハウを蓄積すれば、将来のエンジニア採用を有利に進められます。 外国籍ITエンジニア採用を成功させるには、日本人採用とは異なる採用ノウハウが必要です。しかし先行事例が少なく、曖昧なまま採用を進める企業が多いようです。本資料では、外国籍ITエンジニアで採用担当者がつまづきやすいポイントや採用を成功させるポイントを解説しています。 外国籍ITエンジニア採用について情報を収集している方、外国籍ITエンジニア採用を検討中の方にぜひご活用いただければ幸いです。 【目次】 ITエンジニア採用の「現状」と「今後」 外国人IT人材の採用でよくある失敗 外国人IT人材の採用に失敗しないために 外国人IT人材の採用ステップと成功のコツ 【 採用手法別 】メリット・デメリットと選び方 ダイレクトリクルーティングの採用フローとつまずきポイント 資料ダウンロードはこちら ※当社の採用プラットフォーム事業、GitTapのページからダウンロードいただけます。

外国人ITエンジニアの転職エージェント”GTalent”が多くの日本企業から依頼を受けた求人情報をもとに、今企業が求めるITスキルのTOP10（2020年8月版）を作成しました。現在転職活動をお考えの方や転職市場を知りたい方はぜひご参考にしてください。日本企業が求めるITスキルランキング・ベスト１０2020年8月時点でGTalentが日本企業から依頼を受けている求人情報データベースから求められるITスキルをランキング化しました。ご自身のイメージとギャップはありましたでしょうか？これからはトップ５のITスキルにおいて、人気の理由を説明いたします。1位 AWS (Amazon Web Services)現在、ITエンジニアの中でも最も採用が難しいと言われているのがインフラエンジニアであり、インフラエンジニアが募集される際にはAWSはほぼ必須で求められる傾向にあります。また、インフラエンジニア出なくても、バックエンド全般に携わるエンジニア、フルスタックのエンジニアにおいても、AWSの知識要件を求められるケースが多く、ITエンジニアの求人の多くにAWSのスキルが求められてきています。2位 PythonAIエンジニアやデータサイエンティストの求人は日々増えてきており、そこで必須スキルがPythonも非常にニーズが高い状態です。また、最近ではデータ関連だけではなく、バックエンドで幅広くPythonが使われていることもこのランキング結果に反映されています。3位 GCP (Google Cloud Platform)昨今のアプリケーションにおいて、Google関連サービスとAPIを繋げていないケースは少なく、GCPが提供する幅広いサービスから状況や用途に応じて適切なもの活用ができるため、どの企業の求人においても高いニーズを集めています。4位 PHPご存知の通り、日本の多くのウェブサイトやアプリケーションのバックエンドはPHPで開発されており、バックエンド開発においては現在でも一番人気があるスクリプト言語と言えるでしょう。ただし、PHPの開発経験者は多く、企業の求人と人材側の需給バランスとしては1位のAWSと比べると低いかもしれません。5位 JavaこちらもPHPと同様、変わらず高いニーズがあります。プラットフォームに依存しないため現在も幅広く使用されており、Android開発においても必須のスキルとなります。しかし、Javaができるエンジニアが優秀なエンジニアであるという考えは変化しつつあり、Javaだけ出来れば期待通りの転職ができるかと言えば、そうではありません。現在では多くのIT企業でAIなど最新技術への取り組みが活発になっているため、Javaのニーズは高いと言っても、Java以外のプログラム言語を習得する必要はあると言えるでしょう。まとめ外国人ITエンジニアの転職エージェント・GTalentでは、自社で保有する求人データベースから、企業からの需要が高いITスキルランキングを毎月発表しております。現在転職活動中やこれから転職活動をするという外国人ITエンジニアの方は、外国人ITエンジニアの転職エージェントG Talent（ジータレント）にご登録ください。プロのコンサルタントが無料で日本のテクノロジー企業への転職をご支援いたします。

これから一緒に働く外国人とのコミュニケーションに不安を抱いている人事の方やマネジメント層の方は多いと思います。その不安を少しでも解消するために、“最適なコミュニケーションの取り方”について解説していきます。外国人労働者人口の増加とダイバーシティの推進について厚生労働省の発表によると、外国人労働者を雇用している事業所数は全国で 21万6348ヶ所あり、外国人労働者数は 146万463人とされています（2018年10月末）。これは、2007年に「外国人雇用状況」の届出が義務付けられてから過去最高値であり、高度外国人材・留学生・技能実習生の受入れ体制や雇用情勢が改善されてきたことの表れです。国籍別では、全体の26％以上を占める中国が最も多く、その後にベトナム、 フィリピン、ブラジルと続きます。この4ヶ国だけでも全体の約70％を占めていますが、インドネシアやネパールについても増加しています。ダイバーシティの推進により、さまざまな国籍の外国人が日本で働く機会は増えていくと予想されるため、異文化に対する理解や外国人との良好なコミュニケーションを築く必要性は更に高まるでしょう。※参考：「外国人雇用状況」の届出状況まとめ（厚生労働省）外国人とコミュニケーションの機会が増えている理由外国人労働者数と同様に、在留外国人数も年々増加し続けています。特別永住者数と合わせると令和元年6月末現在で282万9416人と過去最高を記録しました。日本企業で働く外国人労働者のみならず、日常生活においても外国人と接する機会は必然的に増えていく傾向にあります。日本は、まさに多様性の時代に突入しているのです。※参考：在留外国人数について（法務省）外国人と一緒に働いたことがある人の割合あるアンケートで、ビジネスパーソン1523人を対象に「外国人と一緒に働いたことはありますか？」と質問をしたところ、約60％の方が「ある」と答えています。つまり、5人の内3人は外国人と働いたことがあるという状況。もちろん、働くエリアや業種によって差はあると思いますが、労働環境の中に外国人がいることは、今や多くの日本企業の中で“日常”になりつつあります。参考：「外国人と一緒に働くコミュニケーションの取り方」について日本で働く外国人が増加傾向にある事実多くの外国人が日本企業で働くようになった背景は、労働者不足の対応策として日本政府が外国人労働者の受け入れを推進していることが大きく影響しています。一方で、日本で働くことや生活することを望む外国人が多いという事実もあります。特に、日本で働きたいと考える理由として最も多いのは「学習機会への期待」です。これは、仕事を通じて得られる“学び”により自己成長したいといった欲求をもつ外国人労働者が多いということ。そのため、雇用する側である日本企業は、国籍関係なく育成面での工夫や仕事を平等に任せることが重要であり、その際の柔軟なコミュニケーションは必須となるでしょう。外国人とのコミュニケーションで起こること日本で働く外国人労働者の約70％は、中国・ベトナム・フィリピン・ブラジルが占めています。これだけ複数の国籍が混在すれば、話せる言語が異なるというコミュニケーションでの問題が起こります。ここでは、「言葉」「文化」「意思表示」の3つの壁について解説していきます。言葉の壁（ニュアンスが通じないなど）日本語がある程度話せる外国人労働者は増えていますが、日本人独特のニュアンスまではなかなか理解できないのが現状です。使用する言語が英語の場合は比較的コミュニケーションは図れると思いますが、全ての外国人労働者が話せるわけではありません。かといって、企業側が多言語に対応するとなると教育にかかる費用や時間などのコストがかかります。最も効率の良い方法は、外国人労働者が日本語を覚えることですが、人手不足により外国人を雇用した企業は日本語教育に力を注ぐ余裕などありません。そのため、問題が長期化してしまうのです。文化の壁（価値観・文化の違いから生じるトラブルなど）日本人との生活習慣や文化の違いに戸惑うケースも多発します。特に宗教の違いは顕著で、イスラム教では「全ては神の思し召し」という考え方や価値観のもとに行動する特徴があります。つまり「なる様にしかならない」というスタンスなので、仕事面で出来ていないことを追求する際に「なぜできないのか」と投げかけても、思考自体の違いから質問の意図を理解してもらえないことがあります。意思表示の壁（日本人と外国人の意思表示の差・温度感など）外国人と一緒に働いて困ったことの中には、「意思疎通がスムーズにできなかった」という日本人も多くいます。これは、単純に言語の問題だけではなく、日本独特の意思表示である「阿吽の呼吸」などの、感じ取ることや汲み取るといった直接的ではないコミュニケーションに馴染みがないためです。外国人とコミュニケーションを取るポイント言語や文化、意思表示などのさまざまな壁により、外国人労働者とのコミュニケーション不足が続いてしまうと、お互いのストレスも蓄積していきます。その結果、外国人労働者の離職に繋がってしまう可能性もあるので、より良いコミュニケーションを図るための方策を立てる必要があります。そこで、良好な関係を築くためのポイントをいくつかご紹介します。言葉だけじゃなくツールやジェスチャーを取り入れる日常の会話は理解できたとしても、専門用語や細かい指示などを理解してもらうのは、なかなか難しいものです。外国人労働者に理解してもらうために大切なのは、言葉だけではなくジェスチャーを交えて伝えること。例えば、作業の流れを伝える場合は、手振り身振りで実演しながら教えると効果的です。外国人労働者もその一生懸命伝える姿を見ることで、理解しようと努力してくれるようになります。また、紙に書いて伝える筆談や、翻訳アプリなどを活用する方法も有効です。自分たちの文化だけではなく相手の文化も知る価値観の違いを理解した上で、企業がもつ価値観を伝える姿勢が最も大切です。日本側に合わせるのが当然というスタンスで接すると、外国人労働者は自分自身の存在価値を否定されていると感じてしまいます。お互いを尊重し合う“歩み寄り”の心をもって、企業が大切にしている理念や事業の目的を丁寧に根気強く伝えた上で、相手の意見や考え方を真摯に聞くことが重要です。そうすれば、外国人労働者も一緒にゴールを目指して伴走してくれるようになるでしょう。遠回しに伝えるのではなくハッキリと伝える日本人に比べて、外国人はストレートにハッキリと言いたいことを伝える傾向があります。そのため、遠まわしに伝えることや、空気を読む必要がある言い方は避けましょう。誰に対してもはっきりと意見を言うことを企業側が意識することで、言いづらいことを言える風通しの良さに繋がるという好影響が期待できます。外国人労働者の発言をポジティブに捉えることで、社内の活性化や多様性のある企業風土をつくるための方策になるのではないでしょうか。まとめ外国人労働者とのコミュニケーションをテーマにお伝えしてきましたが、いかがだったでしょうか。異文化に対する理解や、日本独特の伝え方を改善することで、少なくともコミュニケーションの“壁”は取り除くことができます。これからも外国人労働者の増加が続くと考えた時に、まずは「外国人だから」という特別視ではなく、同じ空間の中で共生する仲間として向き合う姿勢が非常に重要です。今までにない価値観や文化を尊重しながら受け入れることで、企業にとって新たな魅力やアイデアが育まれる可能性もあります。外国人と働くことは日本人にも良い影響を与えるというメリットを描きながら、ぜひ良い関係を築くコミュニケーションにチャレンジしてみてください。

Many foreigners haven’t yet understood the Japanese salary system properly, so when the salary is transferred to their account, they are surprised to find out that it is less than what they were expecting to receive. That is why I will explain in detail the following guideline and, also, the calculation method.The salary system that everyone who works must knowSalary can be obtained as compensation for labor and for contributing to the company. It is an indispensable asset for living. If it is a fixed salary such as a monthly salary, it is a very important indicator that determines the standard of living of every month. However, if you get a lower amount than the salary you thought it would be before you joined the company, you will be shocked. To prevent such a situation, deepening the knowledge into the salary system should be helpful for starting to work comfortably when changing jobs.What is Salary After Tax Income?In Japan, the amount of money that is actually transferred to a designated bank account is called the “After-Tax Income”. This is the total salary paid by the company minus social insurance premiums and taxes. People who don’t know the details will feel that it is “less than what they expected …”.What does “After-Tax” mean?Actual income that you receive= “After-Tax”, but there are various breakdowns in salary. It is referred to the amount of money deducted from premiums such as company insurance premiums, pension and taxes such as income tax and resident tax from the face value provided by the company, like base salary (hourly wage, daily wage, monthly salary), paid overtime and company’s allowance.About “Face Value” and “Deduction”Rather than knowing the amount of money after-tax, what is important to know is the “face value (total payment)” and the “deduction” amount. By gaining knowledge about face value and deductions, you can improve your understanding of how your income is determined.The details are as follows.The “face value” is the total amount paid by the companyThere are various face value breakdowns. This should be noted because there are differences between companies.（1）Basic salaryThis is the basic amount for which the amount of payment is determined, such as hourly, daily, and monthly wages. This basic salary does not include incentives such as overtime, allowances, and commissions.（2）Overtime allowanceAn allowance that exceeds the business hours (working hours) determined by each company or that exceeds the legal working hours of 8 hours a day, 40 hours a week (an increase of 25% or more from the hourly wage). In other words, paid overtime.（3）Late Overtime allowanceThe allowance paid when working overtime after 22:00 (over 25% from the hourly wage) or working on holidays (over 35% over the hourly wage) among overtime exceeding the business hours.（4）Qualification allowanceAllowance paid to professionals and other persons who have the qualifications required for the business specified by the company. In some cases, the amount varies depending on the level of difficulty in obtaining national qualifications.（5）Executive allowanceGenerally, it is paid to those who are promoted and move to managerial positions. In most cases, the amount varies depending on the position, chief, director or general manager.（6）Commuting allowanceAllowance for subsidizing a full or fixed amount of transportation expenses for those who commute using transportation such as trains and buses. Some companies may pay gasoline to those commuting by car.In addition to these, there are many peculiar benefits like family allowances paid as a subsidy for employees with dependents, housing allowances to support housing expenses such as rent and mortgages, and business allowances for companies with business trips.“Deduction” is the total amount deducted from salary“Deduction” is calculated from half of the total amount of social insurance, such as insurance premiums and pensions, resident tax and income tax are deducted from salary. Excluding income tax, the amount will not change for the first year after the amount is determined.（1）Health insuranceThis is a national medical insurance policy that allows you to visit a medical institution if you are ill or injured. The insurance premium will be halved with the employer. Also, the insurance premium rate will vary depending on the health insurance association you are registered.（2）Employment insuranceIt is widely recognized as an insurance policy that provides unemployment benefits in the event of unemployment, even though there are various benefits. The insurance premium rate will depend on the company’s business.（3）Nursing insuranceWith insurance that requires participation when the target age is over 40, you can receive welfare services at 10-20% when you need nursing care.（4）Employee’s PensionThis is a system in which the participant himself / herself and the employer pay half the price and pay a premium to receive pension payments.（5）Income taxThis tax is imposed on the income earned by an individual for a year, and the tax rate varies depending on the annual income. If you work for a company, it will be deducted by “withholding” and settled by “year-end adjustment or final tax return”.（6）Resident taxThis tax is paid to the prefecture or municipality where the worker resides. The amount is determined by the annual income of the previous year.In addition, there are cases where labor union fees, retirement reserves, company housing, etc. are deducted.Let’s actually take a look at the salary detailsIt is easier to understand when you see the actual salary details, rather than just checking the amount of the salary after-tax. The details and item names of the pay slip may differ depending on the company, but in general, the amount indicated in the item “Amount of deduction” is the “withholding amount”.What is the guideline for after-tax income?I’ve told you in detail about “face value” and “deduction”. But, if before joining the company you know the salary listed on the job offer information, you can get a clue of the amount of after-tax income. So, from here, I will explain how to get the amount of money that will serve you as a standard.What percentage of face value can you receive as an after-tax income?An approximate standard is 80% (75-85%) of the face value is the “after-tax income”. However, the percentage varies depending on the person even at the same face value. For example, the amount of deductions varies depending on the previous year’s annual income and the number of dependents. Besides, the higher the face value, the higher the income tax rate. If it exceeds approximately 600,000 yen/a month, the percentage of the after-tax income will fall below 75%.Example of tax exemption for dependents between a single person and someone with dependents.In the case of a single person, if the monthly salary is 250,000 yen, about 80%, ¥197,690 will be the net income. In the case of a married couple with two dependents, you can receive a “dependence deduction” that is preferentially paid by income tax/resident tax. ¥ 200,430 will be the net income, which is an increase of ¥ 9000.What is the calculation method?As I mentioned earlier, about 80% of the face value is taken. In other words, as a calculation method, you can calculate the approximate take-up amount by multiplying the face value by 0.8.* Please note that the amount of income may change in conjunction with the deduction total depending on income tax and dependents.How to accurately calculate salary after-tax incomef you know the face value (total amount of payment) and the breakdown of deductions, you can easily derive the exact proceeds. The calculation method is [basic salary + fixed allowance + variable allowance (other than bonus)]-[social insurance premiums (health insurance, long-term care insurance, welfare pension, employment insurance)]-[tax (income tax, resident tax)]. By following those steps, you can calculate it.How to derive an approximate amount from a bonusSome companies offer bonuses twice a year or once a year. For that bonus, you can calculate the approximate take-up amount at approximately 82% of the face value. For example, if a single person with a basic salary (monthly salary) of 220,000 yen gets a 660,000 yen bonus for three months, the proceeds will be approximately 540,000 yen. This also applies to your case, as the percentage of net income varies depending on the total deductions.Important points when changing jobsDuring your career change period, you will see a variety of job offers. In that case, it is very important to pay attention to the net amount. If you make don’t get it right, your income may be lower than your previous job. Be sure to check prior information and to get a deeper knowledge of it, to find a company that meets your needs.The salary in the job offers is not the net income.Most salaries listed in job listings and job sites in Japan will show the “face value”. In other words, the net income you will receive as a salary will be less than the amount listed there. Therefore, if you are looking for a place where you can change your salary to a better than the previous job (the current job at the time of job change), you can compare the face value or multiply the salary listed in the job offer information by 0.8 to calculate the approximate net income. Let’s consider it after that.Tell the face value of the desired salary instead of the net amount.There are cases where the salary changes depending on the job seeker’s experience and ability, such as “monthly salary of over ~” or “monthly salary of ¥ xxx to ¥ xxx”. Be sure to tell the face value when you are asked about your desired salary. If you tell the net income, the recruiter will think of it as the face value and you will have a lower income than the one you wanted. Let’s confirm the desired salary with face value so you don’t regret it after joining the company.ConclusionEven if you meet a good company or job as your next destination, you will not be able to improve your life if your salary is less than expected. To prevent this from happening, it is very important to know the “after-tax income amount” which is the money you will have at hand. Acquire the knowledge to determine the correct salary for each opportunity, regardless of the face value amount listed in the employment information, and use it for future job change activities.